Mohiniyattam

Overview

Mohiniyattam is a classical dance form exclusively performed by women, originating from the state of Kerala in South India. The name comes from “Mohini” (enchantress) and “Attam” (dance), literally meaning “the dance of the enchantress.” This graceful and lyrical form is characterized by fluid movements, soft hand gestures, and the swaying motion of the traditional Kerala saree.

History & Origin

Mohiniyattam evolved in Kerala’s court and temple traditions. According to mythology, Mohini was an enchantress who mesmerized demons through dance. The dance form was historically performed in royal courts and eventually in temples as part of religious observances.

After facing decline during British colonial rule, Mohiniyattam was revived in the 20th century by dedicated dancers and musicians who codified the form, earning it recognition as one of India’s classical dance traditions.

Distinctive Features

Photo by Shagil Kannur | Wikimedia Commons

Flowing, graceful movements define Mohiniyattam’s artistic expression

Photo by Shagil Kannur | Wikimedia Commons

Swaying Hip Movements

Characteristic swaying hip movements that create a mesmerizing, wave-like quality. These movements are graceful and sensual, reflecting the mythological story of enchantment.

Saree as a Prop

The draped saree is integral to the performance, used to create visual patterns and enhance movements. The dancer skillfully manipulates the fabric to create beautiful visual effects.

Soft Hand Gestures

Gentle, flowing hand movements that are less strictly defined than other classical forms. The hands move in smooth arcs creating lyrical, poetic expressions.

Lyrical Quality

The entire form emphasizes lyricism and emotional expression over technical virtuosity. Movements closely follow the music, creating an intimate connection between dancer and audience.

Performance & Themes

Mohiniyattam performances typically feature romantic and devotional themes, often depicting stories from Hindu mythology, particularly tales of love and devotion. Common performance pieces include:

• Tillana: Pure dance celebrating rhythm and movement
• Varnam: A longer piece combining pure dance and interpretation
• Padam: Lyrical pieces expressing love and devotion
• Shloka: Devotional verses performed with dance

Performances are accompanied by traditional Keralite music with instruments like Mridangam and violin, creating an intimate and emotionally engaging experience.

Costumes & Adornments

Photo by Shagil Kannur | Wikimedia Commons

Elegant Kerala saree is the signature costume of Mohiniyattam

Photo by Shagil Kannur | Wikimedia Commons

Mohiniyattam costumes emphasize grace and elegance:

• Kerala Saree: A traditional white or cream saree with gold borders, draped in the classical style
• Choli: A fitted golden blouse worn with the saree
• Odiyani (Waist Chain): A decorative golden waist ornament
• Jewelry: Earrings, necklaces, bangles in gold or traditional designs
• Hair Ornament: Flowers (jasmine or artificial flowers) decorating the hair
• Footwear: Bare feet or soft leather sandals

Mohiniyattam Today

Mohiniyattam continues to flourish as a classical art form, with dedicated practitioners and training centers worldwide. The art form has maintained its traditional essence while adapting to contemporary audiences. Major cultural festivals and venues feature Mohiniyattam performances, ensuring its continued growth and recognition.